In MakeHuman 1.0.1 I did an MHX export with the "Rotation limits" checked and "Export for Rigify" unchecked. In Blender there was no evidence there were rotation limits. I was able to bend knee and elbow joints the wrong way, well outside of physiological ranges of motion.
In an export from MakeHuman 1.0.0, using those same options, the rotation limits did work for me.
Is there something I am doing wrong or is this a bug?